120%科技与技能支出抵扣是澳大利亚2022-23联邦财政预算中为中小型企业（SME）引入的税收激励措施。该提升允许符合条件的中小企业对与科技技术、技能和员工培训相关的某些费用支出进行120%的税收抵扣。

在上一篇文章中，我们讨论了2万澳元的科技投资抵扣的资格要求和详细情况。本文将重点介绍技能提升和员工培训的费用抵扣，总结为以下要点：

技能和培训抵扣可用于中小企业为员工提供的外部培训课程，企业将享受120%的税收抵扣的优惠政策。该政策的目标是帮助中小企业通过提升员工技能和提高生产力来扩大其劳动力规模。

谁有资格获得技能和培训抵扣？

只有对企业的员工的培训才有资格获得抵扣。个体经营者、合伙企业的合伙人、独立承包商和非员工不符合资格。此外，配偶、合伙人或受托人等关联人员也不符合资格。

技能和培训抵扣的规则：

• 培训课程的注册必须在2022年3月29日晚7:30（澳大利亚东部标准时间）至2024年6月30日之间完成。
• 培训费用必须本身依照税法具有抵扣资格，也就是说，培训与企业收入的获取必须相关。
• 培训必须由注册培训机构提供，该机构必须向企业收费（直接或间接）。
• 培训必须面向企业员工，并在澳大利亚境内以面对面或在线方式提供。
• 培训机构不能是企业本身或企业的关联人员。

培训费用包括哪些支出？

培训费用包括培训本身产生的费用，以及与培训课程有关的书籍或设备等附带费用。然而，这些附带费用只有在培训机构向企业收取这些费用时才符合抵扣条件。

如何计算额外的抵扣？

额外的抵扣计算为企业通常可以扣除的支出的20%。例如，如果企业在合规的培训上花费了10,000澳元，额外的抵扣将为10,000澳元的20%，即2,000澳元。这个额外的抵扣不会以现金形式退回，而是用于减少企业的应税收入。

哪些机构可以提供符合抵扣的培训？

并非所有由公司提供的培训课程都符合抵扣的资格。只有由注册培训机构提供的课程才符合资格。通常，这些是通向某种行业资格或学历的职业培训课程，而不是职业发展课程。

符合资格的培训机构将会由以下组织注册：

• 高等教育质量与标准局（TEQSA）

• 澳大利亚技能质量管理局（ASQA）

• 维多利亚州注册与资格局

• 西澳大利亚培训认证委员会

值得注意的是，虽然并非所有课程都由注册培训机构提供，但仍有很多课程符合资格，例如大学提供的短期课程或为提升技能而设计的灵活课程，但不包括学位课程。

如果您的企业符合资格并进行了符合条件的支出，请务必记录及保留相关文件、并确保遵守规定，以最大程度地进行抵扣。您也可以咨询税务专业人士或会计师以寻求专业的意见及计划。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 robert@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖，2019年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师奖，2020年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳咨询师奖及澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2022年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳新人入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin  Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州和维州律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO， QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Zoe Ma @ Pitt Martin Tax

The 120% technology and skills ‘boost’ deduction is a tax incentive introduced in the 2022-23 Federal Budget for small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in Australia. The boost allows eligible SMEs to claim a 120% tax deduction for certain types of expenses related to technology, skills, and training for their staff.

In the last article, we discussed the eligibility requirement and details of the $20k technology investment boost. This article will be focused on the Skills and Training Boost, which breaks down into the following key points:

The Skills and Training Boost

The Skills and Training Boost provides a 120% tax deduction for external training courses offered to employees. The goal of this boost is to help SMEs grow their workforce by upskilling employees and improving their efficiency.

Who qualifies for the Skills and Training Boost?

Only employees of the business are eligible for the boost. Sole traders, partners in a partnership, independent contractors, and non-employees do not qualify. Additionally, associates, for example, spouses or partners, or trustees of a trust, are also not eligible.

Rules for the Skills and Training Boost:

• Registration for the training course must have occurred from 7:30 pm (AEST) on 29 March 2022 until 30 June 2024.
• The training must be deductible to the business under ordinary rules, meaning it must be related to how the business earns its income.
• The training must be delivered by a registered training provider, and the provider must charge the business (either directly or indirectly) for the training.
• The training must be for employees of the business and must be delivered in-person in Australia or online.
• The training provider cannot be the business itself or an associate of the business.

What can be included in the Training Expenditure?

Training expenditure includes the costs of the training itself, as well as incidental costs such as books or equipment necessary for the training course. However, these incidental costs are eligible for deduction only if the training provider charges the business for these expenses.

How is the bonus deduction calculated?

The bonus deduction is calculated as 20% of the amount of expenditure the business could typically deduct. For example, if a business spends $10,000 on eligible training, the bonus deduction would be 20% of $10,000, which equals $2,000. This bonus deduction is not received in cash but is used to reduce the business’s taxable income.

What organizations can provide training for the boost?

Not all training courses provided by companies will qualify for the boost. Only courses charged by registered training providers within their registration will be eligible. Typically, these are vocational training courses that lead to a trade or contribute to a qualification, rather than professional development courses.

Qualifying training providers are registered by organizations such as:

• Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA)
• Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA)
• Victorian Registration and Qualifications Authority
• Training Accreditation Council of Western Australia

It’s worth noting that while not all courses may be delivered by registered training organizations, there are still plenty of eligible options available, particularly short courses offered by universities or flexible courses designed for upskilling rather than degree qualifications.

Conclusion

If your business is eligible and has made eligible expenses, it’s essential to keep track of the documentation and ensure compliance with the rules to maximise the deductions. Consulting with a tax professional or accountant can also be beneficial in navigating the complexities of these deductions.

Should you please have any question in regards to above, please feel free to contact our friendly team in Pitt Martin Tax at 0292213345 or info@pittmartingroup.com.au.

The material and contents provided in this publication are informative in nature only.  It is not intended to be advice and you should not act specifically on the basis of this information alone.  If expert assistance is required, professional advice should be obtained.

By Zoe Ma @ Pitt Martin Tax

雇主和企业:

• 强制性雇主支付的养老金保障率从10.5%提高至11%。
• 国家最低工资标准的增加已经生效。
• 固定资产临时全额抵扣措施已经结束。
• 临时技术移民收入门槛（Temporary Skilled Migration Income Threshold）已从53,900澳元增加至70,000澳元。
• 学生签证持有者的工作限制重启，每两周可工作48小时。
• 通过小额索赔法庭程序寻求补偿未支付工作津贴的上限从20,000澳元增加至100,000澳元。
• 小企业现可根据特定条件获得能源账单减免资金，以帮助支付能源账单。
• 电子分销平台的共享经济报告已向澳大利亚税务局（ATO）开始披露。

养老金：

• 养老金保障率已提高至11%。
• 由于指数调整，一般养老金转移余额上限（Transfer Balance Cap）已增加至1,900,000澳元。
• 养老金退休金支出（Super Income Streams）的最低支出金额已恢复至默认水平。
• 自管养老金（SMSF）转移余额事件报告已从每年一次改为所有养老金每季度申报一次。

您和您的家人：

• 新的固定费率家庭办公扣除方法已推出，为每小时67澳分。务必记录家庭办公的工作时间，因为简单的每周计算不再符合澳大利亚税务局（ATO）的要求。
• 2023-2024年汽车费用每公里费率已增加至85澳分。
• 首次购房贷款担保范围扩大至“朋友、兄弟姐妹和其他家庭成员”。
• 2023年7月10日起，家庭收入低于53万澳元的家庭可以获得更多的儿童保育补贴。详情请参阅澳大利亚服务机构网站。
• 新父母现在可以申请最多20周的带薪产假。
• 可领取年龄抚恤金的年龄提高至67岁。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 robert@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖，2019年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师奖，2020年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳咨询师奖及澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2022年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳新人入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin  Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州和维州律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO， QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Robert Liu @ Pitt Martin Tax

Employers & Business:

• The Superannuation Guarantee has been raised to 11% from its previous rate of 10.5%.
• National and Award minimum wage increases have been implemented.
• The Temporary Full-Expensing measure has come to an end.
• The Temporary Skilled Migration Income Threshold, which denotes the minimum salary for sponsored employees, has increased to $70,000 from $53,900.
• Work restrictions for student visa holders have been reintroduced, allowing them to work up to 48 hours per fortnight.
• The cap on claims via small claims court procedures for workers seeking unpaid work entitlements has significantly increased from $20,000 to $100,000.
• Small businesses can benefit from the Energy Bill Relief Fund, subject to meeting specific criteria, which provides assistance with energy bills.
• Sharing economy reporting to the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) has commenced for electronic distribution platforms.

Superannuation:

• Superannuation guarantee has been raised to 11%.
• The general transfer balance cap has been increased to $1.9 million due to indexation.
• Minimum pension amounts for super income streams have reverted to default rates.
• Self-Managed Superannuation Fund (SMSF) transfer balance event reporting has shifted from an annual to quarterly requirement for all funds.

For You and Your Family:

• A new fixed rate method for working from home deductions, at 67 cents per hour, has been introduced. Proper records of working hours from home are required, as a simple weekly calculation is no longer acceptable to the ATO.
• The cents per kilometre rate for motor vehicle expenses for the year 2023-24 has risen to 85 cents.
• First home loan guarantee access has been expanded to include “friends, siblings, and other family members.”
• The Medicare low-income threshold has been increased for the year 2022-23.
• The child care subsidy has increased from 10th July 2023 for families with household income under $530,000. For more information, refer to the Services Australia website.
• New parents can now claim up to 20 weeks of paid parental leave.
• The age at which individuals can access the age pension has been increased to 67 years of age.

Should you please have any question in regards to above, please feel free to contact our friendly team in Pitt Martin Tax at 0292213345 or info@pittmartingroup.com.au.

The material and contents provided in this publication are informative in nature only.  It is not intended to be advice and you should not act specifically on the basis of this information alone.  If expert assistance is required, professional advice should be obtained.

By Robert Liu @ Pitt Martin Tax

在2022-23财年联邦预算案宣布近一年后，中小企业（SMEs）的科技和技能支出可获得120%的税收抵扣终于成为法律。关注我们社交媒体的朋友不知道记不记得，我们之前提醒大家将这些类型的费用记录在一个独立账目中，以便在法律实施时和准备税务申报时轻松获取这些数字。这个额外20%的抵扣旨在为中小企业提供激励，鼓励它们投资于科技，并提高员工的技能。

谁有资格获得？

科技和技能的120%抵扣适用于年营业额低于5000万澳元的小型企业（包括个人独资经营者、合伙企业、公司或贸易信托）。年营业额包括企业自身的营业额，以及其关联企业和关联实体的营业额。

2万澳元的科技投资抵扣

科技投资项目为中小企业提供了一个关于数字化业务或数字化活动相关费用和折旧资产的额外抵扣，时间从2022年3月29日晚上7点30分（澳大利亚东部夏令时间）至2023年6月30日。

要获得抵扣，费用需要被视为“发生”在中小企业对成本负有法律责任时，无论是通过税务发票还是合同协议。对于诸如计算机硬件之类的折旧资产，企业必须在2023年6月30日前购买并安装准备好使用。仅仅在6月29日订购这些资产是不够的，它们必须已经收到并安装好准备使用。

该项目的合格费用包括以下几类：

• 数字化产品：计算机和通讯硬件设备、软件、互联网费用，以及支持计算机网络使用的系统和服务。

• 数字媒体和营销：在数字设备上可访问的音频和视觉内容，包括网页设计。

• 电子商务：促进数字订购或平台启用的在线交易的货物或服务，便携式支付设备，数字库存管理，基于云的服务订阅，以及有关数字化业务的建议。

• 网络安全：包括网络安全系统、备份管理和监控服务。

科技花费必须“完全或主要用于企业的数字化业务或数字化企业的业务”。这意味着科技和企业的数字化业务之间必须有直接联系，并能产生收入。

需要注意的是，该项目不包括与雇佣员工、筹集资金、建造商业场所或企业销售的货物和服务相关的费用。此外，在相关期间内购买和销售的资产、建筑工程成本、融资成本、薪资或工资成本以及培训费用（见技能支出文章）等，不符合额外抵扣的条件。

额外抵扣

相关支出年度上限为10万澳元，超过该金额的支出不享受抵扣优惠， 抵扣优惠上限为每年2万澳币。企业在整个期间内最高可申请的纳税优惠总额为4万澳元。额外的2万澳元抵扣不以现金形式提供给企业，而是用于抵消企业的应税收入。如果企业处于亏损状态，额外抵扣将增加税收亏损。额外抵扣的价值取决于企业在相关年度是否产生应税利润或亏损，以及适用的税率。

如果费用有混合使用，即同时用于企业业务和个人用途，额外抵扣将仅适用于用于企业业务目的的费用部分。

抵扣优惠也适用于折旧资产的支出。该资产必须在2022年3月29日澳大利亚东部标准时间晚上7:30至2023年6月30日期间首次用于税务目的使用或安装就绪。此规定不适用于内部软件开发费用分配给软件开发池 （software development pool）的情况。折旧资产的维修和改进成本也适用于抵扣优惠，前提是在相关时期内发生。

抵扣优惠数值为符合条件的折旧资产支出的20%。前提是支出发生在相关时期，并且在2023年7月1日之前首次用于税务目的或已安装就绪。这不受企业使用的折旧方法影响。如果企业在相关时期购买折旧资产，支出为该资产的成本。

结论

对于符合条件的中小企业来说，科技优惠抵扣为他们提供了一个宝贵的省税机会，可以投资于科技。通过仔细理解资格标准和时间要求，中小企业可以最大化抵扣，充分利用此项措施来支持其数字化运营和业务增长。建议企业寻求专业意见，以确保符合要求，并在该计划下优化其税收效益。下一期，我们将进一步讨论技能优惠抵扣，感谢大家的关注。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 robert@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖，2019年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师奖，2020年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳咨询师奖及澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2022年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳新人入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin  Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州和维州律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO， QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

After almost a year since its announcement in the 2022-23 Federal Budget, the 120% tax deduction for technology investments and skills and training expenditure by small and medium businesses (SMEs) has finally become law. People who follow our social media has been informed to record these types of expense into a separated account in order to easily capture the figures when the law is enacted and tax return is prepared. This boost is aimed at providing SMEs with added incentives to invest in technology and improve the skills of their workforce.

Who Qualifies for the Boosts?

The 120% technology investments and skills and training boosts are accessible to small business entities (individual sole traders, partnership, company or trading trust) with an aggregated annual turnover of less than $50 million. The aggregated turnover includes not only the business’s turnover but also that of its affiliates and connected entities.

$20k Technology Investments Boost

The Technology Investments Boost offers SMEs a bonus deduction for expenses and depreciating assets related to digital operations or digitizing activities from 7:30 pm (AEST) on 29 March 2022 until 30 June 2023.

To qualify for the deduction, an expense is considered “incurred” when the SME is legally liable for the cost, either through a tax invoice or a contractual agreement. For depreciating assets like computer hardware, the technology must have been purchased and installed ready for use by 30 June 2023. Simply ordering the assets on 29 June won’t suffice; they must have been received and set up for use.

Eligible expenses for the technology investments boost include:

• Digital enabling items: Computer and telecommunications hardware and equipment, software, internet costs, and systems and services that support the use of computer networks.

• Digital media and marketing: Audio and visual content accessible on digital devices, including web page design.

• E-commerce: Goods or services that facilitate digitally ordered or platform-enabled online transactions, portable payment devices, digital inventory management, cloud-based service subscriptions, and advice on digital operations.

• Cybersecurity: This includes cybersecurity systems, backup management, and monitoring services.

The technology must be “wholly or substantially for the purposes of an entity’s digital operations or digitizing the entity’s operations.” This means that there must be a direct link between the technology and the business’s digital operations, which generate income.

It’s essential to note that the technology investments boost does not cover costs related to employing staff, raising capital, constructing business premises, or the cost of goods and services the business sells. Additionally, assets that are purchased and sold within the relevant period, capital works costs, financing costs, salary or wage costs, and training or education costs are not eligible for the boost.

Claiming the Bonus Deduction

The bonus deduction is subject to an annual cap of $20,000, with eligible expenditures up to $100,000 qualifying for this deduction. However, over the entire period, the maximum total bonus deduction that a business can claim is limited to $40,000. The $20,000 bonus deduction is not given to the business in cash; rather, it is used to offset against the business’s assessable income. If the business is in a loss position, the bonus deduction will increase the tax loss. The value of the bonus deduction depends on whether the business generates a taxable profit or loss during the relevant year and the applicable tax rate.

If the expenditure has mixed use, meaning it is used for both business and private purposes, the bonus deduction will be applied only to the portion of the expenditure that is utilized for business purposes.

The bonus deduction can be applied to expenses related to a depreciating asset. To be eligible, the asset must have been first utilized or installed and ready for use for taxable purposes between 7:30 pm AEDT on 29th March 2022 and 30th June 2023. However, this rule does not extend to expenses incurred in developing in-house software allocated to a software development pool, in line with the current pooling regulations. Additionally, the costs associated with repairing and improving depreciating assets are also eligible for the bonus deduction, provided they are incurred within the specified time frame.

The bonus deduction is calculated as 20% of the expenditure on the qualifying depreciating asset, given that the expenditure occurs during the relevant period and the asset is used or installed and ready for use for taxable purposes by 30 June 2023. This calculation applies regardless of the depreciation method utilized by the business. If a business acquires a depreciating asset within the relevant period, the expenditure will be considered as the cost of the asset.

Conclusion

The 120% technology investments ‘boost’ deduction presents a valuable opportunity for eligible small and medium businesses to invest in technology. By carefully understanding the eligibility criteria and timing, SMEs can maximize their deductions and take full advantage of the boost to support their digital operations and business growth. It is recommended that businesses seek professional advice to ensure compliance and optimize their tax benefits under this scheme. We will continue discuss the skills and training boost in our next article.

Should you please have any question in regards to above, please feel free to contact our friendly team in Pitt Martin Tax at 0292213345 or info@pittmartingroup.com.au.

The material and contents provided in this publication are informative in nature only.  It is not intended to be advice and you should not act specifically on the basis of this information alone.  If expert assistance is required, professional advice should be obtained.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

随着全球继续适应COVID-19大流行带来的新常态，远程工作和居家办公变得越来越普遍。澳大利亚政府认识到工作安排的重大变化，并对2023财年的家庭办公费用抵税做出了一些调整，以完善先前实施的政策。在本文中，我们将探讨澳大利亚家庭办公费用抵税在2023财年与2022财年之间的变化，概述关键更新。

对于2023财政年度，纳税人可以选择两种方法之一来申报家庭办公费用的抵扣：固定费率法或实际成本法。只有固定费率法在2023财年发生了变化，而曾在疫情期间临时使用的快捷法将不再适用所以这里不进行对比。

方法一：修订后的固定费率法

• 费率和范围

修订后的固定费率法将费率从每工作小时52分增加到每工作小时67分。这一较高费率包括能源成本、电话使用费、互联网费用、文具和电脑耗材。它简化了纳税人的计算过程，并包括难以准确衡量的费用。但是，原来的固定费率法不包括电话和互联网费用，它们是额外计算的。

• 无需专用家庭办公室

与以往不同，在修订后的固定费率法下，纳税人不再需要拥有专用的家庭办公空间来申报居家工作的抵扣。这一变化认识到现代工作安排的风格的不同。

• 可额外申报的项目

2023财政年度的可单独申报项目发生了变化。纳税人可以申报居家工作所用固定资产（如计算机和办公家具）的折旧以及修理和维护这些资产的费用。他们还可以申报清洁专用家庭办公室的费用。

• 记录保存

纳税人需要比以前更精确地保存记录。自2023年3月1日起，澳大利亚税务局（ATO）不再接受估计、代表性四周日记或类似文件作为此方法的证据。相反，纳税人需要保存他们在整个年度中居家工作的所有时间记录。记录可以以任何形式保存，只要它们在发生时保存下来，比如时间表、排班表、从雇主或企业系统访问的时间记录，或者一整年的日记。纳税人每项被固定费率每小时覆盖的费用都必须保留记录（例如，如果纳税人居家工作时使用电话和电力，必须至少保留某种费用的一份账单）。

方法二：实际成本法

• 与往年相比，实际成本法保持不变。

纳税人可以扣除与工作相关的实际费用的部分。该方法要求保存所有收据、账单和类似文件，以证明纳税人已经产生了这些费用，并保存在所得年度内居家工作的时间记录（可以使用实际小时数、代表性四周日记或类似文件）。此外，纳税人需要提供他们计算工作相关部分和私人部分费用的记录。请注意，由雇主报销的费用不能作为抵扣。

无论选择哪种方法，如果纳税人购买用于工作的资产和设备的费用超过300澳币，他们不能立即全额抵扣这笔费用，而必须根据工作使用比例在一定年份内进行折旧。 以上概述了澳大利亚2023财年与2022财年家庭办公抵扣的变化。通过引入修订后的固定费率法，政府旨在为雇员提供申报居家工作费用的简化途径。然而，个人需要及时了解最新的更新和要求，以确保合规并最大化自己的权益。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 robert@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖，2019年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师奖，2020年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳咨询师奖及澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2022年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳新人入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin  Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州和维州律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO， QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

As the world continues to adapt to the new normal brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work and home offices have become increasingly common. The Australian government acknowledges the significant shift in work arrangements and has made certain adjustments to the working from home deduction for the 2023 financial year, building upon the policies implemented previously. In this article, we will explore the changes in the home office deduction in Australian between the financial year 2023 and 2022, providing an overview of the key updates.

For the financial year 2023, taxpayers have the option to choose one of two methods to claim their deductions for working from home: the “fixed rate” method or the “actual cost” method. Only the fixed rate method is changing in FY2023, while the Shortcut method, which was temporarily used during the pandemic, will no longer be available so won’t be compared here.

Method 1: Revised Fixed Rate Method

• Rate and Scope

The revised fixed rate method increases the rate from 52 cents per work hour to 67 cents per work hour. This higher rate encompasses energy costs, phone usage, internet expenses, stationery, and computer consumables. It simplifies the taxpayer’s calculation process and includes costs that are difficult to accurately measure.  However, the 52 cents per work hour doesn’t include phone usage and internet expenses which is on top of the fixed rate method.

• No Dedicated Home Office Required

Unlike before, under the revised fixed rate method, taxpayers no longer need to have a dedicated home office space to claim deductions for working from home. This change recognizes the evolving nature of contemporary work arrangements.

• Additional Claimable Items

There have been changes in separately claimable items for the 2023 financial year. Taxpayers can claim the decline in value of assets used for work at home, such as computers and office furniture, as well as the costs of repairing and maintaining these assets. They can also claim the expenses related to cleaning the dedicated home office.

• Record-keeping

Taxpayers need to maintain more precise records than before. Starting from March 1, 2023, the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) will no longer accept estimates, representative four-week diary, or similar documents under this method. Instead, taxpayers are required to keep records of all their time spent working from home throughout the entire income year. Records can be kept in any form as long as they are saved at the time of occurrence, such as schedules, rosters, time logs from accessing employer or business systems, or a diary for the whole year. Records must be kept for each expense incurred by the taxpayer that is covered by the fixed rate per hour (for example, if the taxpayer uses the phone and electricity while working from home, a bill must be retained for each expense).

Method 2: Actual Cost Method

• Compared to previous years, the actual cost method remains unchanged.

Taxpayers can deduct the actual portion of operating expenses that are work-related. This method requires keeping all receipts, bills, and similar documents to demonstrate that the taxpayer has incurred the expenses, along with records of the time spent working from home during the income year (actual hours or representative four-week diaries or similar documents are acceptable). Additionally, taxpayers need to provide records of how they calculated the work-related and private portions of their expenses. Please note that expenses reimbursed by the employer cannot be claimed as deductions.

Regardless of the method chosen, if taxpayers purchase assets and equipment for work that cost more than $300, they cannot claim the full amount immediately and must depreciate the expenses over a set number of years based on the proportion of work usage.

The above summary outlines the changes in the home office deduction for the Australian financial year 2023 compared to the financial year 2022. By introducing revised fixed rate method, the government aims to provide simplified avenues for employees to claim working from home expenses. However, individuals need to stay informed about the latest updates and requirements to ensure compliance and maximize their entitlements.

Should you please have any question in regards to above, please feel free to contact our friendly team in Pitt Martin Tax at 0292213345 or info@pittmartingroup.com.au.

The material and contents provided in this publication are informative in nature only.  It is not intended to be advice and you should not act specifically on the basis of this information alone.  If expert assistance is required, professional advice should be obtained.

By Yvonne Shao @ Pitt Martin Tax

近年来，澳大利亚税务局（ATO）注意到越来越多的澳大利亚人在购买和出售加密货币，其中最流行的类型包括比特币（BTC）、以太币（ETH）、泰达币（USDT）等等。投资者和交易者需要清楚了解这些数字资产相关的税务义务。ATO的网站已经提供了关于如何处理加密货币产生的税务的全面指南。为了帮助您更好地了解，本文将概述加密资产税务方面的两个要点，即加密货币投资者的资本增值税（CGT）和加密货币交易者的所得税。

投资者还是交易者？

第一步您需要判断自己属于加密货币的投资者或是交易者，以此确定自己的交易活动是否使用于资本增值税规则或所得税规则。加密货币最常见的用途就是作为一种投资，购买和出售加密货币以获取利润的个体被视为加密货币投资者，从出售加密货币资产中获得的任何收益都将受到资本增值税的影响。另一方面，对于以商业模式、频繁买卖加密货币的个体，将被视为开展加密货币交易业务的交易者，从这些交易中所得的收入将被视为营业收入。

加密货币资产投资者

对于将加密资产视为投资的个人而言，资本增值税（CGT）在出售、交易或处置这些资产时变得至关重要。根据ATO的规定，加密货币在税务目的上被视为一种资产形式。这意味着从销售或处置加密资产中获得的任何收益都可能会受到资本增值税的影响。

当您出售、赠予、交易、兑换或交换加密货币资产时，又或者是将加密货币资产转换为澳币或其他货币、用它购买商品或服务时，都会产生资本增值税。若您只是购买或持有加密货币资产，便不需要计算任何资本增值或亏损。只有当发生以上交易时您才需要计算资产增值税。

关于如何计算资本增值税（CGT），澳大利亚税务局（ATO）要求投资者确定其加密资产的成本基准。其中包括原始购买价格、交易费用和任何附带费用。当加密资产被出售时，通过从销售收益中减去成本基数来计算资本增值或亏损。如果得到的值为正数，则产生了资本增值；如果为负数，则产生了资本亏损。任何资本亏损只可以用来抵扣您所获得的资本增值。

此外，您持有加密资产的时间长短也将影响应缴纳的CGT金额。如果投资者在出售或处理加密资产之前持有它超过12个月，有可能可以获得CGT折扣。这个折扣可以将资本增值减少50％，有效降低总体税务债务。

其次，您需要保留准确的加密货币交易记录，包括购买和出售日期、交易金额和价值。这些文件在计算资本增值和亏损以进行税务申报时至关重要。

加密货币交易者

对于将买卖加密货币作为交易业务的个人，ATO将其交易所得的收入视为应纳税所得。交易者需要在报税时上报所有交易活动，并将利润作为应纳税所得的一部分。

作为交易者，您有权扣除与交易活动直接相关的费用。这些费用包括交易费用、转换费用、交易软件订阅费和其他在交易过程中发生的费用。您需要保留这些费用有关的所有收据用于证明。

根据您的交易活动规模和复杂性，您可以考虑以个体经营者的身份经营，或者成立一家公司或信托等企业架构。每种架构都有其自身的税务要求，我们建议您寻求专业建议以确定哪种选项最适合您的情况。

总而言之，无论您是加密货币的投资者还是交易者，都必须了解您的税务义务。请遵守澳大利亚税务局（ATO）提供的指南，保持准确的记录，并寻求专业的建议，以避免ATO的罚款及任何潜在风险。我们团队在加密货币合规工作和税务咨询方面拥有丰富的经验。通过使用专业的加密货币资本收益/利润计算平台，我们可以确保您的新年税务申报能够节省大量的会计费用。请随时与我们友好的皮特马丁会计师事务所的税务团队联系，电话号码为0292213345，电子邮件地址为info@pittmartingroup.com.au。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin Group 是一家提供税务，会计，生意咨询, 自管养老金及审计等综合性服务的经澳洲会计师公会认证的注册会计师事务所。我们每年会花上几百个小时去研究新的税法，以保证我们的客户可以最大化合理避税。我们的中文联系方式是 Robert Liu +61292213345 或邮件 robert@pittmartingroup.com.au。皮特马丁会计师事务所Pitt Martin Group坐落在交通便利的悉尼市市中心，是一家拥有可以说中文合伙人的会计师事务所。我们的荣誉包括2018年CPA新州首席优秀奖，2019年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳会计师奖，2020年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳咨询师奖及澳大利亚小生意年度冠军入围奖, 2022年澳洲知名媒体《每日会计师》年度最佳新人入围奖。

皮特马丁会计师事务所 Pitt Martin  Group资质包括超过十五年的从业经验，澳大利亚注册会计师协会（CPA）执业认证会员，澳大利亚税务注册代理，新州和维州律师协会信托账户 (Trust Account) 认证审计师，澳大利亚证券及投资委员会注册代理，XERO， QUICKBOOKS, MYOB等会计软件授权单位及认证顾问。

本文内容仅供参考，不构成对任何个人或团体的具体情况而形成建议。任何个人或团体应该在征求专业人士的意见后方可采取行动。由于税法的时效性，我们在发布时已致力于提供及时、准确的信息，但不能保证所称述的内容在今后任然可以适用。转发该文内容请注明出处。

The Australian Tax Office (ATO) is aware of an increasing number of Australians buying and selling cryptocurrency over the past few years, the most popular types are Bitcon (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Tether (USDT), etc. However, not every one of them are aware of their tax obligations. It is essential for investors and traders to understand the tax implications associated with these digital assets. ATO has provided comprehensive guidelines on how crypto assets are treated for tax purposes. To help you along the way, this article will outline the implication of tax on crypto assets in two aspects, which is Capital Gains Tax (CGT) for crypto investors and income tax for crypto traders.

Investor or Trader?

It is important to identify whether you are a crypto investor or crypto trader to determine whether your activities will be taxed under CGT rules or income tax rules. The most common use of cryptocurrency is as an investment, individuals who buy and sell crypto assets to make a profit would be considered as a crypto investor, any gains made from the disposal of crypto assets will be subject to CGT. On the other hand, for individuals who actively engage in trading cryptocurrency in an organised, business-like manner, would be considered as a crypto trader who carry on a crypto trading business. The trading income from the activities would be treated as business income.

Crypto Assets Investors

For individuals who hold crypto assets as investments, CGT becomes a crucial aspect to consider when selling, trading, or disposing of these assets. According to the ATO, cryptocurrencies are considered to be a form of property for tax purposes. This means that any gains made from the sale or disposal of crypto assets may be subject to CGT.

CGT Event:

A CGT event happens when you sell, gift, trade, exchange or swap crypto assets, even when you convert a crypto asset into Australian or foreign currency or buy goods or services with it. By simply buying or holding a crypto asset, you would not need to calculate any capital gains or losses. You are only required to calculate it when a CGT event happens.

Determining Capital Gain or Loss:

To calculate CGT, the ATO requires investors to determine the cost base of their crypto assets, which includes the original purchase price, transaction fees, and any incidental costs. When a crypto asset is sold or disposed of, the capital gain or loss is calculated by subtracting the cost base from the sale proceeds. If the resulting value is positive, a capital gain has been made, and if negative, a capital loss has been incurred. Any capital loss can be used to deduct against capital gains you made.

Holding Period and CGT Discount:

The duration for which a crypto asset is held can impact the amount of CGT payable. If an investor holds their crypto assets for longer than 12 months before selling or disposing of them, they may be eligible for the CGT discount. This discount allows you to reduce the capital gains by 50%, effectively lowering the overall tax liability.

Record-Keeping:

It is essential to maintain accurate records of all cryptocurrency transactions, including purchase and sale dates, amounts, and values. This documentation is crucial when calculating capital gains and losses for tax reporting purposes.

Crypto Assets Traders

For individuals who actively engage in cryptocurrency trading as a business, the ATO views the trading income as assessable income for tax purposes.

Reporting Trading Income:

As a trader, you are required to report your trading activities and include the profits as part of your taxable income. This includes gains from selling cryptocurrencies, profits from mining activities, and any other trading-related income. Ensure that you accurately track your trading income and report it in the appropriate section of your tax return.

Deductible Expenses:

As a trader, you are entitled to claim deductions for expenses directly related to your trading activities. These may include transaction fees, exchange fees, trading software subscriptions, and other expenses incurred in the process. You would need to keep receipts for everything related to your operating expense to substantiate any claims made.

Business Structures:

Depending on the scale and complexity of your trading activities, you may consider operating as a sole trader or setting up a business structure such as a company or trust. Each structure has its own tax implications, and it is advisable to seek professional advice to determine the most suitable option for your circumstances.

Conclusion

As the cryptocurrency market continues to expand, understanding the tax implications associated with crypto assets becomes increasingly important. Whether you are an investor or a trader, it is essential to comprehend how taxes apply to your specific situation. By adhering to the ATO guidelines, maintaining accurate records, and seeking professional advice, you can ensure compliance with tax obligations and minimise any potential risks or penalties from ATO.

Our team have enormous experience in the crypto compliance work and tax advice. By using professional crypto capital gain/profit calculation platform, we can assure you that your new year tax return could save ample accountant fees this time. Please feel free to contact our friendly team in Pitt Martin Tax at 0292213345 our info@pittmartingroup.com.au.

The material and contents provided in this publication are informative in nature only.  It is not intended to be advice and you should not act specifically on the basis of this information alone.  If expert assistance is required, professional advice should be obtained.

By Zoe Ma @ Pitt Martin Tax